What is an air gap, and why is it important?

An air gap is a critical safety feature in plumbing systems that involves a physical separation between the water supply and any potential sources of contamination, ensuring that backflow does not occur. This is vital for maintaining the integrity of potable water supplies, as backflow could introduce hazardous substances into the drinking water due to pressure fluctuations in the system. By maintaining an air gap, the risk of contaminants from sinks, toilets, or other waste sources entering the clean water supply is significantly minimized.

Air gaps are often required at fixtures such as faucets and dishwashers, according to plumbing codes, which helps to safeguard public health and ensures compliance with safety regulations. Understanding the concept of air gaps is essential for any plumbing professional, as it directly relates to the protection of water quality and the prevention of health risks associated with contamination.